2018
Volume 18, Number 4, pp. 154-163
The ethics of sustainability
J.J. Ramsden,1 A.G. Mamalis2 and N.T. Athanassoulis3
1 The University of Buckingham, MK18 1EG, UK
1 Demokritos National Centre for Scientific Research, Athens, Greece
1 Laboratory of Industrial and Energy Economics, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
As crowding on our planet increases, sustainability has become a major preoccupation at many levels: national and supranational (for example, the European Union is strongly promoting the "circular economy", essentially a waste management strategy), but also local and even individual. A considerable body of academic work has arisen around the circular economy, mostly of recent origin, even though the roots of the concept go back decades and even centuries. On the whole the field seems to suffer from a dearth of analytical thinking, and much of the literature is little more than polemics between supporters and detractors, along with the loose injection of words like "entropy". On the material plane, at the atomic level everything is recycled, except hydrogen and helium; at higher levels, involving sophisticated superatomic structures, an illusion of recycling may depend on inadequate definitions of materials that fail to capture all their essential features (for example, paper cannot be endlessly recycled because the cellulose fibres are progressively shortened). Here we seek to establish what precisely sustainability and the circular economy mean, what the intentions of their protagonists are, and how they fit in with alternative moral schemata, notably the individual versus the social. The goal of our investigation is to establish whether the circular economy can make any claim on our attention as a worthwhile pursuit.